Search results for "Bayesian [statistical analysis]"
showing 9 items of 299 documents
Population Properties of Compact Objects from the Second LIGO-Virgo Gravitational-Wave Transient Catalog
2021
Abbott, R., et al. (LIGO and Virgo Collaboration)
A CNN Adaptive Model to Estimate PM10 Monitoring
2006
In this work we introduce a model for studying the distribution and control of atmospheric pollution from PM10. The model is based on the use of a cellular neural network (CNN) and more precisely on the integration of the mass-balance equation; at the same time it simulates the scenario regarding a planar grid describing the whole studied area (the city of Palermo) by means of a CNN and a set of Bayesian networks. The CNN allows us to define a grid system whose dynamic evolution is a redefinition of the diffusion equation that considers contributions coming from near cells for each element of the grid. Dynamics of each cell is influenced by meteorological effects and by parameters related t…
The Bayesian estimation of private investment in Finland
2009
Abstract This paper estimates an investment equation for private investment using Bayesian estimation techniques. In the paper we derive the optimal capital accumulation behavior in the model economy from the households’ optimization problem of utility. The equation is derived as in Smets and Wouters (2003). The model contains costly adjustment of investment and random shocks to adjustment cost function. The driving variable of investment is Tobin Q variable. The empirical proxy for Tobin Q in this paper is the ratio of OMX Helsinki Cap Index to the price index of the physical capital. The investment series is the seasonally adjusted private investment in quarterly national accounts. The AR…
Molecular and biometric data on Carabus (Macrothorax) morbillosus Fabricius, 1792 (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Mid Mediterranean areas
2022
The present study was carried out using molecular and biometric data of Carabus (Macrothorax) morbillosus from mid-Mediterranean areas to determine additional information on basal relationships among its representative subspecies. To this aim, two different kinds of approach were employed, including a morphometric analysis of four morphological parameters (i.e., elytra length, elytra width, pronotum length, pronotum width) of 128 specimens, and a Bayesian genetic analysis of 44 cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) partial sequences (i.e., 38 examined for the first time and six retrieved from GenBank database). Representative populations of C. (M.) morbillosus were sampled in four countries, n…
Identifying territories using presence-only citizen science data : An application to the Finnish wolf population
2022
Citizens, community groups and local institutions participate in voluntary biological monitoring of population status and trends by providing species data e.g. for regulations and conservation. Sophisticated statistical methods are required to unlock the potential of such data in the assessment of wildlife populations. We develop a statistical modelling framework for identifying territories based on presence-only citizen science data. The framework can be used to jointly estimate the number of active animal territories and their locations in time. Our approach is based on a data generating model which consists of a dynamic submodel for the appearance/removal of territories and an observatio…
Production and Efficiency in 21 Industrialized Countries from 1966 to 2007 to Analyse the Italy’s Decline: Application of a Stochastic Frontier Model…
2008
This paper uses a stochastic frontier production model to estimate the technical efficiency of 21 nations among the more industrialized countries in the world for the wide period from 1966 to 2007. A Cobb-Douglas with labour and capital as inputs, GDP as output and efficiency with exponential distribution appears to work good from a statistical point of view. This model is used to estimate in a bayesian approach the efficiency score of these 21 countries. The bayesian way, applied via Gibbs sampling, is here useful to avoid problems about the small number of observations. So, each efficiency score is obtained as mean of 10,000 draws. The results underline a general and progressive efficienc…
The Spatial Overlap of Police Calls Reporting Street-Level and Behind-Closed-Doors Crime: A Bayesian Modeling Approach
2021
Traditionally, intimate-partner violence has been considered a special type of crime that occurs behind closed doors, with different characteristics from street-level crime. The aim of this study is to analyze the spatial overlap of police calls reporting street-level and behind-closed-doors crime. We analyzed geocoded police calls in the 552 census-block groups of the city of Valencia, Spain, related to street-level crime (N = 26,624) and to intimate-partner violence against women (N = 11,673). A Bayesian joint model was run to analyze the spatial overlap. In addition, two Bayesian hierarchical models controlled for different neighborhood characteristics to analyze the relative risks. Resu…
La falta de reproducibilitat de la investigació: L'estadística com a legitimació del resultat
2014
La investigació científica es legitima mitjançant la replicació dels seus resultats, però els esforços per replicar afirmacions enganyoses exhaureixen el finançament. Ens centrarem en una d’aquestes errades: els resultats de proves estadístiques que ofereixen falsos positius a causa de l’atzar. Els mètodes estadístics clàssics confien en un p-valor per a ponderar les proves enfront d’una hipòtesi nul·la, però les proves d’hipòtesis bayesianes ofereixen resultats més fàcils de comprendre, sempre que hom puga especificar distribucions a priori per a la hipòtesi alternativa. Descriurem noves proves, les UMPBT, tests bayesians que ofereixen una especificació per defecte de les alternatives a pr…
Theoretical and methodological aspects of MCMC computations with noisy likelihoods
2018
Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) [11, 42] is a popular method for Bayesian inference involving an intractable, or expensive to evaluate, likelihood function but where simulation from the model is easy. The method consists of defining an alternative likelihood function which is also in general intractable but naturally lends itself to pseudo-marginal computations [5], hence making the approach of practical interest. The aim of this chapter is to show the connections of ABC Markov chain Monte Carlo with pseudo-marginal algorithms, review their existing theoretical results, and discuss how these can inform practice and hopefully lead to fruitful methodological developments. peerReviewed